Time does not exist without matter. Time is an observed change; having a start in existence; and a direction of motion. The photon particle; is the instigation of the motion; and creation of matter; as its being assembled into atoms and mass.

Each of the visible colors of photons have their own specific mass; and diameter of orbit; or spin. That orbit is a direct result of a specific mass for that color of photon. That diameter of spin; is its code of color; and its mandatory angle of refraction. That is the reason why there are a series of color-coded spears; when white light is sent into convergence; and when it goes thru a convergent lens.

Those angles of refraction and their consequent diameters of spin; directly correlate to the atomic orbitals; and their diameters. Violet being the innermost or smallest diameter; and red; being the largest; within the spectral colors of orbitals. The use of the words angular momentum; contain no mention of what is; spin; as that which is really; the important factor. Concerning the cause of convergence and refraction, to their very exact and specific angles; and respective colors.

If we consider quantum as based on quanta; and quanta is equated to a tiny particle. Perhaps quantum should be equated to the quantity of spin; and the number of revolutions of the spin of a photon particle. Every revolution marking a specific and exact distance in the forward progression of the particle; and its marking of time; or change.